Not elementary at all, dear.
This will take a bit of a learning curve, as it did for me as well.
So to answer your question, absolutely, only if it's all part of the same iCloud account. I think Apple's goal is to have each user with their own iCloud account, running on their Mac, iPhone, iPod, and/or iPad. If you're running OS X 10.7.2 with iCloud, just go into Settings and you can find iCloud there, and choose everything you want to sync. You sync Mail and Notes, Contacts, Calendars, Bookmarks, Photo Stream, Documents and Data, Back to My Mac, and Find my Mac all from iCloud settings. These are all part of your one iCloud account. For example, if my iCloud account is diamonddialogue AT me DOT com, my iPhone 4, iPad 2, and Mac all sync to one account AND all share storage space.